The Republic of North Macedonia borders the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Kosovo to the north, the Republic of Bulgaria to the east, the Hellenic Republic to the south and the Republic of Albania to the west. The Supreme Court of the Republic of North Macedonia is the highest court of the Republic and ensures uniformity in the application of laws by the courts. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the country. The Constitutional Court decides on questions of the Constitution. According to the Constitution, North Macedonia is a parliamentary republic based on the principles of the separation of powers with regard to: judicial power is exercised by the courts. The courts are autonomous and independent. The courts rule on the basis of the Constitution and international laws and agreements ratified in accordance with the Constitution. There is a form of organization of the judiciary. Emergency courts are prohibited. The types of courts, their areas of jurisdiction, their establishment, annulment, organization and composition, as well as the procedure they follow, are governed by a law adopted by a two-thirds majority of the total number of deputies.
The need to establish a constitutional judiciary is directly linked to the establishment of jurisdiction in administrative matters, the competence of which until then had focused solely on the assessment of civil and criminal cases. The introduction of administrative action, the judicial review of individual administrative acts, complemented the function of the ordinary judiciary, which also included civil, criminal and administrative decisions. This resulted from the need to ensure the protection of the rights of individuals and citizens by the courts as special and independent judicial bodies and not by the arbitrariness of administrative and other bodies. Courts have the right to propose to the Supreme Court that proceedings be initiated to assess the conformity of a law with the Constitution if they consider that the applicable law is incompatible with the Constitution. During this period, the legislator reserved the right to repeal and/or repeal regulations and other unconstitutional and illegal acts adopted by the executive body (the Executive Council). Executive power is vested in the Government of the Republic of North Macedonia. The Government exercises its rights and powers on the basis of and within the framework of the Constitution and the law. The government consists of a prime minister and ministers. The Prime Minister and ministers cannot be representatives in the Assembly. The Government is elected by the Assembly on the proposal of the Mandatary and on the basis of the programme by a majority of the total number of deputies. The President is Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, makes diplomatic appointments and grants pardons. The Prime Minister proposes laws and controls diplomatic policy to be adopted by the Legislative Assembly.
[4] mrk.mk/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Strategija-za-obrazovanie-ENG-WEB-1.pdf Citizens are guaranteed the right to local self-government. The units of local self-government are the municipalities. The Public Prosecutor`s Office is a single, independent State body that prosecutes the perpetrators of crimes and other crimes established by law and carries out other activities established by law. . According to the 1974 Constitution, one of the fundamental tasks of the Constitutional Court was to pursue the question of the interest in the implementation of constitutionality and legality, to inform the legislator about the States and problems related to the implementation of constitutionality and legality, and to issue opinions and proposals concerning the introduction and amendment of laws and the implementation of other measures. to ensure constitutionality and legality. During this period, in most cases where the Constitutional Court intervened with regard to the constitutionality of laws, it often applied the method of warning and indication, leaving it to the legislature to eliminate the unconstitutionality of the law. The deliberate avoidance of direct intervention in cassation has created an atmosphere of cooperation to achieve a common goal. The Republic of North Macedonia is a sovereign, independent, democratic and social country.
Judges of the Supreme Court appointed by the Council of the Judiciary and appointed by the Assembly. Judges of the Constitutional Court appointed by the legislator. According to the Constitution, the socio-economic and political system of the Republic is based on the principle of the rule of law, human rights and freedoms, the separation of powers, the market economy and other fundamental values of modern democratic society. The president is elected by an absolute majority through a two-round system. The Prime Minister is elected by Parliament. The Assembly of the Republic of North Macedonia is a representative body of the citizens and holder of the legislative power of the Republic. The Assembly consists of 120 to 140 deputies, who are elected by universal, direct and free ballot by secret ballot. The power of the State is divided into legislative, executive and judicial powers. The Republic of North Macedonia is located in southeastern Europe, in the center of the Balkan Peninsula and covers an area of 25,713 km². Administratively, the territory of the Republic of North Macedonia is divided into 80 municipalities, 10 of which form the city of Skopje, as a separate unit of local self-government. For statistical, economic and administrative purposes, the territory of the Republic of North Macedonia is divided into eight planning regions.
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